Develop Your DBQ Strategy
Document-Based Questions (DBQs) are a critical component of many history and social studies exams. They require students to analyze and synthesize historical documents to answer a specific question. Mastering DBQs involves developing a solid strategy that not only helps you approach the task systematically but also enhances your overall writing and analytical skills. In this guide, I’ll walk you through my go-to strategy to develop a high-scoring approach to any AP history DBQ.
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Before diving into strategies, it's crucial to understand the DBQ format. Typically, a DBQ consists of:
A Prompt: A question or statement that outlines what you need to address.
Documents: A set of primary and secondary sources related to the prompt.
Instructions: Guidelines on how to use the documents to support your argument.
You’ll want to start by carefully reading the prompt. Identify the key themes and tasks required (Causation? Continuation?). Understanding what is expected will guide how you interpret the documents and structure your essay.
Take time to review each document provided. For each:
Identify the Source: Determine the origin of the document, including the author, date, and context.
Assess the Content: Note the main arguments or information presented.
Consider the Purpose: Reflect on why the document was created and how it relates to the prompt.
Then, you’re going to sort the documents. I sort them into three categories (lens) depending on the content of the document:
Social/Cultural
Political
Economic
A document can be two of these “lenses” or even all three! Each lens will serve as ONE of your three body paragraphs. (I suggest a four paragraph structure - 3 body, 1 introduction). Finally,
4. Develop a Thesis Statement
Your thesis statement is the backbone of your DBQ essay. It should clearly address the prompt and present a coherent argument.
I always recommend aiming to use ALL the documents in your essay. Doing so provides flexibility in case you misinterpret a document or if one example doesn't perfectly align with your thesis. Utilizing every document allows you to strengthen your argument and ensures you have enough evidence to support your points.
The best way to prepare is to start practicing now! You don’t need to write full essays; instead, read through some documents and draft an outline. Sample DBQ documents are widely available everywhere online—just do a quick search and begin practicing to build your skills and confidence ASAP!
